Unolwazi olungakanani ngeemicroscopes zotyando
A imakroskopu yotyando"liliso" likagqirha wotyando oluncinci, oluyilelwe ngokukodwa indawo yotyando kwaye ludla ngokusetyenziselwa ukwenzautyando oluncinci.
Iimakroskopu zotyandozixhotyiswe ngezinto ezibonakalayo ezichanekileyo, ezivumela oogqirha ukuba bajonge izakhiwo zomzimba zezigulane xa zikhuliswa kakhulu baze babone iinkcukacha ezintsonkothileyo ngesisombululo esiphezulu kunye nomahluko, ngaloo ndlela benceda oogqirha ekwenzeni utyando oluchanekileyo.
IIimakroskopu ezisebenzayoikakhulu inamacandelo amahlanu:inkqubo yokujonga, inkqubo yokukhanyisa, inkqubo yenkxaso, inkqubo yolawulokunyeinkqubo yokubonisa.
Inkqubo yokujonga:Inkqubo yokujonga ikakhulu iqulathe ilensi ejolise ngqo, inkqubo yokusondeza, i-beam splitter, ityhubhu, i-eyepiece, njl. Yinto ephambili echaphazela umgangatho womfanekiso we-imakroskopu yotyando lwezonyango, kuquka ukukhulisa, ukulungiswa kokuphazamiseka kwe-chromatic, kunye nobunzulu bokugxila (ubunzulu bentsimi).
Inkqubo yokukhanyisa:Inkqubo yokukhanyisa ikakhulu iqulathe izibane eziphambili, izibane ezincedisayo, iintambo ze-optical, njl.njl., enye into ebalulekileyo echaphazela umgangatho womfanekiso we-Iimicroscopes zonyango zotyando.
Inkqubo yesibiyeli:Inkqubo yezibiyeli ikakhulu iqulathe isiseko, iikholamu, iingalo ezinqamlezileyo, ii-XY movers ezithe tye, njl. Inkqubo yezibiyeli luludwe lwesakhiwoimakroskopu esebenzayo, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza nangokuguquguquka kwenkqubo yokujonga nokukhanyisa ukuya kwindawo efunekayo.
Inkqubo yolawulo:Inkqubo yolawulo ikakhulu iqulathe iphaneli yokulawula, isiphatho sokulawula, kunye nepedali yokulawula unyawo. Ayinakukhetha kuphela iindlela zokusebenza kwaye itshintshe imifanekiso ngexesha lotyando ngephaneli yokulawula, kodwa ikwafumana indawo echanekileyo kakhulu ngepedali yokulawula kunye nepedali yokulawula unyawo, kunye nokulawula ukugxila phezulu, ezantsi, ekhohlo, ekunene kwe-microscope, utshintsho lokukhulisa, kunye nokulungiswa kokukhanya.
Inkqubo yokubonisa:ikakhulu yenziwe ziikhamera, ii-converters, izakhiwo ze-optical, kunye neziboniso.
Uphuhliso lweIimakroskopu zobungcali zotyandoinembali yeminyaka ephantse ibe likhulu. Eyokuqalaiimayikroskopu zotyandoinokulandelwa emva ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, xa oogqirha baqala ukusebenzisa iiglasi zokukhulisa amehlo xa besenza utyando ukuze bafumane umbono ocacileyo. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, ingcali yamehlo uCarl Olof Nylen wasebenzisa imakroskopu ye-monocular kutyando lwe-otitis media, evula ucango lokubautyando oluncinci.
Ngo-1953, uZeiss wakhupha intengiso yokuqala ehlabathiniimakroskopu yotyandoI-OPMI1, eyathi kamva yasetyenziswa kwi-ophthalmology, kwi-neurosurgery, kwi-plastic surgery, nakwamanye amasebe. Kwangaxeshanye, uluntu lwezonyango luphucule kwaye lwavelisa iinkqubo zokukhanya nezoomatshiniiimayikroskopu zotyando.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1970, emva kokungeniswa kweeswitshi ze-electromagnetic, ulwakhiwo lulonke lweIimakroskopu ezisebenzayoyayilungisiwe ngokusisiseko.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngophuhliso lweIimayikroskopu ezisebenzayo ezinentsingiselo ephezulukunye netekhnoloji yedijithali,iimayikroskopu zotyandobazise iimodyuli ezininzi zomfanekiso ngexesha lotyando kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bomfanekiso obusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwabo okwangoku, njenge-optical coherence tomography (OCT), i-fluorescence imaging, kunye ne-augmented reality (AR), bebonelela oogqirha ngolwazi olupheleleyo lomfanekiso.
Iimakroskopu yotyando yebinocularivelisa umbono we-stereoscopic ngokwahlukana kombono we-binocular. Kwiingxelo ezininzi, oogqirha be-neurosurgery babhale ukungabikho kweziphumo ezibonakalayo ze-stereoscopic njengenye yeziphene zezibuko zangaphandle. Nangona abanye abaphengululi bekholelwa ukuba ukuqonda kwe-stereoscopic okunemilinganiselo emithathu akuyonto iphambili ethintela utyando, kunokoyiswa ngoqeqesho lotyando okanye ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zotyando ukuze kungene kumlinganiselo wexesha wombono wotyando olunemilinganiselo emibini ukuze kulungiswe ukungabikho kokuqonda kwendawo okunemilinganiselo emithathu; Nangona kunjalo, kwiinkqubo zotyando ezinzulu ezintsonkothileyo, iinkqubo ze-endoscopic ezinemilinganiselo emibini azikakwazi ukuthatha indawo yendabuko.iimayikroskopu zotyandoIingxelo zophando zibonisa ukuba inkqubo yamva nje ye-endoscope ye-3D ayinakuyitshintsha ngokupheleleyoiimayikroskopu zotyandokwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zobuchopho obunzulu ngexesha lotyando.
Inkqubo yamva nje ye-endoscope ye-3D inokubonelela ngombono olungileyo we-stereoscopic, kodwaiimakroskopu zotyando zemveliziseneengenelo ezingenakutshintshwa ekuqaphelweni kwezicubu ngexesha lotyando lwezilonda zobuchopho ezinzulu kunye nokopha. I-OERTEL kunye ne-BURKHARDT bafumanise kwisifundo seklinikhi senkqubo ye-endoscope ye-3D ukuba kwiqela lee-5 zotyando lobuchopho kunye ne-11 yotyando lomqolo oluqukwe kolu phononongo, utyando lobuchopho olu-3 kwafuneka luyeke inkqubo ye-endoscope ye-3D kwaye luqhubeke nokusebenzisaiimayikroskopu zotyandoukugqiba utyando ngexesha lamanyathelo abalulekileyo. Izinto ezithintele ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo ye-endoscope ye-3D ukugqiba yonke inkqubo yotyando kwezi meko zintathu zinokuba neenkalo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukukhanya, umbono we-stereoscopic, ukulungiswa kwe-stent, kunye nokugxila. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindlela zotyando ezintsonkothileyo ebuchotsheni obujulileyo,iimayikroskopu zotyandozisenezibonelelo ezithile.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-05-2024
