I-Evolution ye-Neurosurgery kunye ne-Microsurgery: Inkqubela phambili yobuvulindlela kwiNzululwazi yezoNyango

I-Neurosurgery, eyaqala ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19th eYurophu, ayizange ibe yinto ekhethekileyo yotyando de kwaba ngu-Oktobha 1919. Isibhedlele saseBrigham eBoston saseka elinye lamaziko okuqala otyando lwemithambo-luvo ehlabathini ngo-1920. igxile kwi-neurosurgery. Emva koko, uMbutho we-Neurosurgeons wasekwa, intsimi yathiywa ngokusemthethweni, kwaye yaqala ukuba nefuthe kuphuhliso lwe-neurosurgery kwihlabathi jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lamanyathelo okuqala e-neurosurgery njengentsimi ekhethekileyo, izixhobo zotyando zaziyi-rudimentary, iindlela zobuchule zazingekho, ukhuseleko lwe-anesthesia lwalungekho, kwaye amanyathelo asebenzayo okulwa nosulelo, ukunciphisa ukudumba kwengqondo, kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-intracranial lwalungekho. Ngenxa yoko, utyando lwalunqabile, kwaye amanani okufa ahlala ephezulu.

I-neurosurgery yanamhlanje ikweleta inkqubela phambili yayo kwizinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo kwinkulungwane ye-19. Okokuqala, ukuqaliswa kwe-anesthesia kwenza izigulane zenze utyando ngaphandle kweentlungu. Okwesibini, ukuphunyezwa kwendawo yobuchopho (iimpawu ze-neurological kunye neempawu) zanceda oogqirha botyando ekuxilongeni nasekucwangciseni iinkqubo zotyando. Ekugqibeleni, ukuqaliswa kweendlela zokulwa neebhaktheriya kunye nokuphumeza izenzo ze-aseptic zivumele oogqirha botyando ukuba banciphise umngcipheko weengxaki ze-postoperative ezibangelwa zizifo.

E-China, intsimi ye-neurosurgery yasekwa ekuqaleni kwee-1970 kwaye ifumene inkqubela phambili ephawulekayo kwisithuba seminyaka engamashumi amabini yemizamo yokuzinikela kunye nophuhliso. Ukusekwa kwe-neurosurgery njengoqeqesho kwavula indlela yokuqhubela phambili kubuchule botyando, uphando lwezonyango, kunye nemfundo yezonyango. Oogqirha botyando baseTshayina benze igalelo elimangalisayo ebaleni, ngaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe, kwaye badlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeleni phambili inkqubo yotyando.

Ukuqukumbela, icandelo le-neurosurgery liye lahambela phambili ngokumangalisayo ukusukela oko yaqala ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19. Ukuqala ngezixhobo ezinqongopheleyo kunye nokujongana namazinga aphezulu okufa, ukuqaliswa kwe-anesthesia, ubuchule bendawo yobuchopho, kunye neendlela eziphuculweyo zokulawula usulelo ziguqule i-neurosurgery ibe luqeqesho olukhethekileyo lotyando. Iinzame zobuvulindlela zaseTshayina kuzo zombini i-neurosurgery kunye ne-microsurgery ziqinise isikhundla sayo njengenkokeli yehlabathi kwezi nkalo. Ngokuqhubeka ngokutsha kunye nokuzinikela, ezi zifundo ziya kuqhubeka zivela kwaye zibe negalelo ekuphuculeni ukhathalelo lwezigulane kwihlabathi jikelele.