Indaleko ye-neurosurgery kunye ne-microsurgery: Inkqubela phambili yoovulindlela kwiSayensi yoNyango

I-neurosurgery, eyayiqala ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 iYurophu, yayingabi saba yinto ekhethekileyo ye-Euroulive de kube ngu-Okthobha ka-1919. ISibhedlele saseBrigham eBoston esekwe kuphela kwi-neurosurgery. Emva koko, uluntu lwaseNeurosurgeons lwenzelwa, intsimi yabizwa ngokuba yi-Aurosgen, kwaye yaqala ukuphefumla kuphuhliso lwe-neurosgery kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lamanqanaba okuqala kwe-neurosurgery njengendawo ekhethekileyo, izixhobo zokuhlinqwa, iindlela zokhuseleko zazingamahlwempu, kwaye zinciphisa ukudumba kwengqondo, kunye nengcinezelo ye-intrackial, kwaye uxinzelelo olusezantsi lwalusilela. Ngenxa yoko, utyando lunqabile, kwaye izinga lokufa lihlala liphezulu.

I-neurosurgery yanamhlanje ikhupha inkqubela phambili yayo kwizinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo ngenkulungwane ye-19. Okokuqala, ukungeniswa kwe-anesthesia kwenza ukuba abaguli bahlule utyando ngaphandle kwentlungu. Okwesibini, ukuphunyezwa kwendawo yengqondo (iimpawu ze-neurologint kunye neempawu ezincedisayo) Ugqirha oncedisiweyo ekuchongeni kwaye ucwangcise iinkqubo zotyando. Okokugqibela, ukungeniswa kweendlela zokulwa iintsholongwane kwaye kumiliselise iinkqubo ze-aptic ezivumele oogqirha ukuba banciphise umngcipheko wezinto ezinokubangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa lusulelo.

E China, intsimi ye-neurosurgery yasekwa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1970 kwaye ifumene inkqubela phambili kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini yemizamo kunye nophuhliso. Ukusekwa kwe-neurosurgery njengengqeqesho yayivula indlela yokuqhubela phambili ngeendlela zokwenza utyando, uphando lweklinikhi kunye nemfundo yezonyango. I-Neurosurgeons zaseTshayina zenze iminikelo ebonakalayo ebaleni, zombini nangaphakathi, kwaye idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeni i-neurosurgery.

Ukuqukumbela, intsimi ye-neurosurgery iye yaxhonywa kwinkqubela phambili yayo okoko kwaqalwa ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19. Ukuqala ngezixhobo ezinqongopheleyo kwaye ujonge amaxabiso aphezulu okufa, ukumiliselwa kwe-anesthesia, ubuchule bokwakha ubuchopho, kunye nokuphuculwa kwemilinganiselo yolawulo losulelo kuguqule i-neurosurgery ekhethekileyo. Imizamo yoovulindlela ka-China kuzo zombini i-neurosurgery kunye neMicrosgery izemelele isikhundla sayo njengenkokeli yehlabathi kula masimi. Ngokuqhubeka nokonakalisa nezinto ezintsha kunye nokuzinikela, ezi qeqesho ziya kuqhubeka nokuvela kwaye zinegalelo kulwazi lokukhathalela izigulana kwihlabathi liphela.