Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kwee-microscopes zotyando

 

Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso lwesayensi, utyando luye lwangena kwixesha le-microsurgery. Ukusetyenziswa kweimikroskopu yotyandoayivumeli kuphela oogqirha ukuba babone ulwakhiwo oluhle lwesiza sotyando ngokucacileyo, kodwa ikwavumela utyando oluncinci olungenakwenziwa ngeliso lenyama, lwandisa kakhulu umda wonyango lotyando, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kotyando kunye namazinga okunyanga isigulana. Ngoku,Iimicroscopes ezisebenzayoibe sisixhobo sonyango esiqhelekileyo. EqhelekileyoIimakroskopu zegumbi lokusebenzaziqukaImikroskopu yotyando yomlomo, imikroskopu yotyando lwamazinyo, imikroskopu yotyando lwamathambo, iimicroscopes zotyando lwamehlo, iimicroscopes zotyando ngomchamo, iimicroscopes yotyando lwe-otolaryngological, kwayeiimicroscopes yotyando lwe-neurosurgical, phakathi kwabanye. Kukho umahluko omncinci kubenzi kunye neenkcukacha zeimikroskopu yotyando, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zihambelana ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni komsebenzi kunye nezicelo ezisebenzayo.

1 Isakhiwo esisisiseko se-microscope yokuhlinzwa

Utyando ngokubanzi lusebenzisa aImikroskopu yotyando ethe nkqo(ukuma komgangatho), obonakaliswe ngokubekwa kwayo okuguquguqukayo kunye nokufakwa lula.Iimicroscopes zoNyango lwezoNyangoingahlulwa ngokubanzi ibe ziindawo ezine eziphambili: inkqubo yomatshini, inkqubo yokujonga, inkqubo yokukhanyisa, kunye nenkqubo yokubonisa.

1.1 Inkqubo yoomatshini:Umgangatho ophezuluIimicroscopes ezisebenzayongokubanzi zixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zoomatshini ezintsonkothileyo zokulungisa nokulawula, ziqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokujonga kunye nezikhanyiso zinokukhawuleza kwaye zishukunyiswe ngokuguquguqukayo kwiindawo eziyimfuneko. Inkqubo yomatshini ibandakanya: isiseko, ivili lokuhamba, i-brake, ikholomu eyintloko, ingalo ejikelezayo, ingalo enqamlezayo, ingalo yokunyuka kwe-microscope, i-horizontal XY mover, kunye nebhodi yokulawula i-pedal. Ingalo enqamlezayo ngokuqhelekileyo iyilwe ngokwamaqela amabini, ngenjongo yokwenza ukuba iimicroscope yokubonaukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwindawo yotyando ngaphakathi koluhlu olubanzi olunokwenzeka. Umhambisi we-XY othe tye unokubeka ngokuchanekileyo ingemakroskopukwindawo oyifunayo. Ibhodi yokulawula inyawo ilawula i-microscope ukuya phezulu, ezantsi, ekhohlo, ekunene, kunye nokugxila, kwaye inokutshintsha kwakhona ukukhulisa kunye nokunciphisa izinga le-microscope. Inkqubo yoomatshini yi-skeleton ye-aImakroskopu yokusebenza kwezonyango, imisela uluhlu lwayo lwentshukumo. Xa usebenzisa, qinisekisa ukuzinza ngokupheleleyo kwenkqubo.

1.2 Inkqubo yokuQaphela:Inkqubo yoqwalaselo aImikroskopu yotyando ngokubanzingokusisiseko iyaguquguqukaimakroskopu yestereo yokukhulisa. Inkqubo yokujonga ibandakanya: i-lens yenjongo, inkqubo yokusondeza, i-beam splitter, i-lens yenjongo yeprogram, i-prism ekhethekileyo, kunye ne-eyepiece. Ngexesha lotyando, abancedisi bahlala befuneka ukuba basebenzisane, ngoko inkqubo yokujonga idla ngokuyilwa ngendlela ye-binocular system kubantu ababini.

1.3 Inkqubo yokukhanyisa: Ngemakroskopuukukhanya kunokwahlulwa kube ziindidi ezimbini: ukukhanya kwangaphakathi kunye nokukhanya kwangaphandle. Umsebenzi wayo ngowezidingo ezithile ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nezibane ze-ophthalmic slit lighting. Inkqubo yokukhanyisa iqulethe izibane eziphambili, izibane ezincedisayo, iintambo ze-optical, njl.

1.4 Inkqubo yokubonisa:Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lweteknoloji yedijithali, uphuhliso olusebenzayo lweiimicroscopes zokusebenzaiya isiba sisityebi ngakumbi. IImakroskopu yonyango yotyandoixhotyiswe ngekhamera kamabonakude kunye nenkqubo yotyando yokurekhoda. Ingabonisa imeko yotyando ngokuthe ngqo kwiTV okanye kwiscreen sekhompyuter, ivumela abantu abaninzi ukuba bajonge imeko yotyando ngaxeshanye kwimonitha. Ifanelekile ukufundisa, uphando lwezenzululwazi, kunye nothethwano lwezonyango.

2 Imiqathango yokusetyenziswa

2.1 Imikroskopu yotyandosisixhobo se-optical esinenkqubo yokuvelisa entsonkothileyo, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ixabiso elibizayo, elibuthathaka kwaye kunzima ukulifumana. Ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kunokubangela ilahleko enkulu ngokulula. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa, umntu kufuneka aqonde kuqala isakhiwo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayoImakroskopu yonyango. Musa ukujikelezisa izikrufu kunye namaqhina kwi-microscope ngokungenasizathu, okanye wenze umonakalo omkhulu ngakumbi; Isixhobo asikwazi ukuchithwa ngokuthanda, njengoko i-microscopes ifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwiinkqubo zendibano; Ngethuba lokufakela inkqubo, ukulungiswa okungqongqo kunye nokunzima kuyafuneka, kwaye kunzima ukubuyisela ukuba kuchithwa ngokungaqhelekanga.

2.2Nika ingqalelo ekugcineni iImikroskopu yotyandoicocekile, ngakumbi iindawo zeglasi kwisixhobo, njengelensi. Xa ulwelo, ioli, kunye namabala egazi engcolisa ilens, khumbula ukuba ungasebenzisi izandla, amalaphu, okanye iphepha ukosula ilens. Ngenxa yokuba izandla, amalaphu, kunye nephepha zidla ngokuba neengqalutye ezincinci ezinokushiya amanqaku esipilini. Xa kukho uthuli kumphezulu wesibuko, i-agent yokucoca ingcali (i-alcohol anhydrous) ingasetyenziselwa ukuyisula ngekotoni yokucoca. Ukuba ukungcola kunzima kwaye akukwazi ukusulwa, musa ukusula ngenkani. Nceda ufune uncedo lwengcali ukuze uyisingathe.

2.3Inkqubo yokukhanyisa ihlala iqulethe izixhobo ezibuthathaka kakhulu ezingabonakali lula kwiso lenyama, kwaye iminwe okanye ezinye izinto akufanele zifakwe kwinkqubo yokukhanyisa. Umonakalo ongakhathaliyo uya kubangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka.

3 Ukugcinwa kwee-microscopes

3.1Ubomi bebhalbhu yokukhanyisa kwiImikroskopu yotyandoiyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lokusebenza. Ukuba ibhalbhu yokukhanya yonakele kwaye itshintshiwe, qiniseka ukuba useta kwakhona isistim ibe ngu-zero ukuphepha ilahleko engeyomfuneko kumatshini. Ngalo lonke ixesha umbane uvuliwe okanye ucinyiwe, iswitshi yesixokelelwano sokukhanyisa kufuneka icinywe okanye ukuqaqamba kuhlengahlengiswe ukuya kubuncinci ukuthintela impembelelo yequbuliso yombane ophezulu eyonakalisa umthombo wokukhanya.

3.2Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokukhetha indawo yotyando, ibala lokujonga ubungakanani, kunye nokucaca ngexesha lenkqubo yotyando, oogqirha banokuhlengahlengisa i-aperture yokufuduka, ubude becala, ubude, njl.njl. ngebhodi yokulawula inyawo. Xa ulungelelanisa, kuyimfuneko ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Xa ufikelela kwindawo elinganiselweyo, kuyimfuneko ukuyeka ngokukhawuleza, njengoko ukudlula umda wexesha kunokonakalisa i-motor kwaye kubangele ukungaphumeleli kohlengahlengiso.

3.3 Emva kokusebenzisa ingemakroskopukangangexesha elithile, iqhaga elidibeneyo linokufa kakhulu okanye likhululeke kakhulu. Ngeli xesha, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukubuyisela i-lock edibeneyo kwindawo yayo yokusebenza eqhelekileyo ngokwemeko. Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa ngakunye kweImakroskopu yokusebenza kwezonyango, kuyimfuneko ukujonga rhoqo nayiphi na i-looseness kumalungu ukuze ugweme ingxaki engeyomfuneko ngexesha lotyando.

3.4Emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye, sebenzisa isicoci somqhaphu se-degreasing ukucima ukungcolaukusebenza ngemakroskopu yonyango, ngaphandle koko kuya kuba nzima ukuyisula icocekile ixesha elide. Yigqume ngemakroskopu kwaye uyigcine kwindawo engenamoya, eyomileyo, engenalo uthuli, kunye nerhasi engadlekiyo.

3.5Ukuseka inkqubo yokulondoloza, kunye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abaqhuba iitshekhi zokugcinwa rhoqo kunye nohlengahlengiso, ukugcinwa okuyimfuneko kunye nokulungiswa kweenkqubo zoomatshini, iinkqubo zokujonga, iinkqubo zokukhanyisa, iinkqubo zokubonisa kunye namacandelo esekethe. Ngamafutshane, kufuneka kulumke xa usebenzisa i-angemakroskopunokuphatha rhabaxa kufuneka kuphetshwe. Ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yee-microscopes zotyando, kuyimfuneko ukuthembela kwisimo sengqondo esinzulu somsebenzi wabasebenzi kunye nokukhathalela kunye nothando lwabongemakroskopu, ukuze babe kwimeko yokusebenza kakuhle kwaye badlale indima engcono.